1813

Another busy year!

Most significantly, as far as I am concerned: Pride and Prejudice was published! Yay!

And then there were a few wars:

• Argentinian war for independence
• Mexican war for independence
• Napoleon seems to have been fighting the whole of Europe (winning some and losing some)
• The Russians won a lot of land under the treaty which ended the Russo-Persian war
• The United States of America seems to have been fighting the British in Canada? And in the United States itself?
• Simón Bolívar led an invasion of Venezuela, and was named El Libertador ("The Liberator")

 

A few other random facts:

• Pineapples were introduced to Hawaii
• Australia's first coins were minted, transforming Spanish Silver Dollars into two coins: the Holey Dollar (5 shillings) and the Colonial Dump (15 pence), replacing the rum economy
• Mathieu Orfila published Traité des poisons, formalising the field of toxicology
• William Lawson, Gregory Blaxland and William Wentworth sought and found a way across the Blue Mountains in New South Wales (travelling west from Sydney)
• Premiere of Ludwig von Beethoven's 7th Symphony in A
• First reference to 'Uncle Sam' for the USA (in a newspaper)
• First in, best dressed apparently applied to the position of Meridazmach of Shewa (in Ethiopia), as Sahle Selassie gained the title when he beat his brothers to the capital Qundi following the death of his father, Wossen Seged

And amongst the deaths:

• Empress Go-Sakuramachi of Japan
• John Andrews, American clergyman, Provost of the University of Pennsylvania, considered "America's first scholar"
• Søren Kierkegaard, Danish philosopher
• Prince Józef Antoni Poniatowski of Poland, Marshal of France, killed by friendly fire

(Most of this information combined from Brainy History, History Orb, and Wikipedia. They generally had pretty similar information!)